(Turkish_MFA_dictionary_v2_0_0a)= # Turkish MFA dictionary v2.0.0a ``````{dictionary} Turkish MFA dictionary v2.0.0a :id: "Turkish MFA dictionary v2_0_0a" :tags: Turkish;MFA;IPA :language: "Turkish" :dialect: N/A :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/turkish/mfa/v2.0.0a/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` ```{admonition} G2P models * {ref}`turkish_mfa_g2p_model_v2_0_0a` ``` ```{admonition} Acoustic models * {ref}`turkish_mfa_acoustic_model_v2_0_0a` ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/turkish/mfa/v2.0.0a/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Dental - Alveolar - Alveopalatal - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 17592 * Examples * içmem: [i t ʃ m e m] * ekme: [e c m ɛ] * mudur: [m u d ̪ u ɾ] * emmim: [e m ː i m] * mː * Occurrences: 51 * Examples * emmiş: [e m ː i ʃ] * amma: [a m ː a] * jimmy: [ʒ i m ː i] * hımm: [h ɯ m ː] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n̪ * Occurrences: 27022 * Examples * burun: [b u ɾ u n ̪] * izni: [i z ̪ n ̪ ɪ] * önder: [ø n ̪ d ̪ e ɾ] * yaşın: [j a ʃ ɯ n ̪] * n̪ː * Occurrences: 76 * Examples * anne: [a n ̪ ː ɛ] * ninni: [n ̪ i n ̪ ː ɪ] * annem: [a n ̪ ː e m] * annen: [a n ̪ ː e n ̪] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɲ * Occurrences: 189 * Examples * süngü: [s ̪ y ɲ ɟ ʏ] * engel: [ɛ ɲ ɟ e ʎ] * dink: [d ̪ i ɲ c] * anki: [a ɲ c ɪ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 205 * Examples * enka: [ɛ ŋ k a] * inkâr: [i ŋ k a ɾ] * inga: [i ŋ ɡ a] * ahenk: [a ç ɛ ŋ k] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 3322 * Examples * pkk: [p e c e c ɛ] * topik: [t ̪ o p i c] * sepet: [s ̪ e p e t ̪] * depo: [d ̪ e p o] * pː * Occurrences: 6 * Examples * züppe: [z ̪ y p ː ɛ] * kappa: [k a p ː a] * zappa: [z ̪ a p ː a] * voiced * b * Occurrences: 6159 * Examples * başak: [b a ʃ a k] * ezber: [e z ̪ b e ɾ] * çaba: [t ʃ a b a] * berna: [b ɛ ɾ n ̪ a] * bː * Occurrences: 22 * Examples * kubbe: [k u b ː ɛ] * tıbbi: [t ̪ ɯ b ː ɪ] * abbas: [a b ː a s ̪] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t̪ * Occurrences: 13355 * Examples * katti: [k a t ̪ ː ɪ] * çatal: [t ʃ a t ̪ a ɫ] * kenti: [c e n ̪ t ̪ ɪ] * tenha: [t ̪ e n ̪ h a] * t̪ː * Occurrences: 630 * Examples * yattı: [j a t ̪ ː ɨ] * itti: [i t ̪ ː ɪ] * tattı: [t ̪ a t ̪ ː ɨ] * gatt: [ɡ a t ̪ ː] * voiced * d̪ * Occurrences: 16616 * Examples * duyan: [d ̪ u j a n ̪] * daya: [d ̪ a j a] * dönüp: [d ̪ ø n ̪ y p] * rpde: [ɾ p d ̪ ɛ] * d̪ː * Occurrences: 140 * Examples * maddi: [m a d ̪ ː ɪ] * ciddi: [d ʒ i d ̪ ː ɪ] * zıddı: [z ̪ ɯ d ̪ ː ɨ] * cadde: [d ʒ a d ̪ ː ɛ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * c * Occurrences: 5951 * Examples * bekaj: [b e c a ʒ] * öksüz: [ø c s ̪ y z ̪] * kirli: [c i ɾ ʎ ɪ] * küba: [c y b a] * cː * Occurrences: 24 * Examples * ökkeş: [ø c ː e ʃ] * takke: [t ̪ a c ː ɛ] * sikke: [s ̪ i c ː ɛ] * voiced * ɟ * Occurrences: 3321 * Examples * dalga: [d ̪ a ɫ ɟ a] * güreş: [ɟ y ɾ e ʃ] * geber: [ɟ e b e ɾ] * gülüp: [ɟ y ʎ y p] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 11248 * Examples * büktü: [b y k t ̪ ʏ] * mark: [m a ɾ k] * kolum: [k o ɫ u m] * kulun: [k u ɫ u n ̪] * kː * Occurrences: 84 * Examples * okka: [o k ː a] * akka: [a k ː a] * dakka: [d ̪ a k ː a] * hakkı: [h a k ː ɨ] * voiced * ɡ * Occurrences: 685 * Examples * lpg: [ʎ e p e ɡ ɛ] * gatt: [ɡ a t ̪ ː] * saygı: [s ̪ a j ɡ ɨ] * damga: [d ̪ a m ɡ a] * ɡː * Occurrences: 2 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʃ * Occurrences: 3645 * Examples * çakal: [t ʃ a k a ɫ] * çıkış: [t ʃ ɯ c ɾ ɯ ʃ] * uçan: [u t ʃ a n ̪] * açtı: [a t ʃ t ̪ ɨ] * tʃː * Occurrences: 1 * Examples * voiced * dʒ * Occurrences: 4342 * Examples * yüce: [j y d ʒ ɛ] * kocar: [k o d ʒ a ɾ] * edici: [e d ̪ i d ʒ ɪ] * bac: [b a d ʒ] * dʒː * Occurrences: 7 * Examples * hacca: [h a d ʒ ː a] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s̪ * Occurrences: 12102 * Examples * islak: [i s ̪ ɫ a k] * asiye: [a s ̪ i j ɛ] * suyun: [s ̪ u j u n ̪] * sahir: [s ̪ a ç i ɾ] * s̪ː * Occurrences: 115 * Examples * öss: [ø s ̪ ː] * jesse: [ʒ e s ̪ ː ɛ] * bassa: [b a s ̪ ː a] * hass: [h a s ̪ ː] * voiced * z̪ * Occurrences: 6426 * Examples * azı: [a z ̪ ɨ] * bozar: [b o z ̪ a ɾ] * gezdi: [ɟ e z ̪ d ̪ ɪ] * kazı: [k a z ̪ ɨ] * z̪ː * Occurrences: 14 * Examples * gazze: [ɡ a z ̪ ː ɛ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʃ * Occurrences: 6973 * Examples * aşkın: [a ʃ k ɯ n ̪] * çitin: [t ʃ i t ̪ i n ̪] * kaşık: [k a ʃ ɯ k] * kaç: [k a t ʃ] * ʃː * Occurrences: 4 * Examples * eşşek: [e ʃ ː e c] * voiced * ʒ * Occurrences: 251 * Examples * çince: [t ʃ i n ̪ d ʒ ɛ] * casus: [d ʒ a s ̪ u s ̪] * ağaca: [a a d ʒ a] * hacmi: [h a d ʒ m ɪ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 1792 * Examples * five: [f i v ɛ] * lifli: [ʎ i f ʎ ɪ] * faili: [f a i ʎ ɪ] * fakat: [f a k a t ̪] * fː * Occurrences: 25 * Examples * iffet: [i f ː e t ̪] * öff: [ø f ː] * duffy: [d ̪ u f ː i] * affet: [a f ː e t ̪] * voiced * v * Occurrences: 2848 * Examples * vurdu: [v u ɾ d ̪ ʊ] * yavru: [j a v ɾ ʊ] * pavel: [p a v e ʎ] * juva: [ʒ u v a] * vː * Occurrences: 44 * Examples * evvel: [e v ː e ʎ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ç * Occurrences: 698 * Examples * dhkpc: [d ̪ e ç e c e p e d ʒ ɛ] * hişt: [ç i ʃ t ̪] * şahit: [ʃ a ç i t ̪] * hisle: [ç i s ̪ ʎ ɛ] * çː * Occurrences: 7 * Examples * sıhhi: [s ̪ ɯ ç ː ɪ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * h * Occurrences: 2651 * Examples * şehre: [ʃ e h ɾ ɛ] * merih: [m e ɾ i h] * tamah: [t ̪ a m a h] * vazıh: [v a z ̪ ɯ h] * hː * Occurrences: 13 * Examples * uhhuh: [u h ː u h] * öhhü: [ø h ː ʏ] * ohhü: [o h ː ʏ] * ahha: [a h ː a] ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 14850 * Examples * ayıbı: [a j ɯ b ɨ] * ayran: [a j ɾ a n ̪] * giyer: [ɟ i j e ɾ] * şeydi: [ʃ e j d ̪ ɪ] * jː * Occurrences: 29 * Examples * ayyar: [a j ː a ɾ] * ayyaş: [a j ː a ʃ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɰ * Occurrences: 2021 * Examples * boğar: [b o ɰ a ɾ] * ayağa: [a j a ɰ a] * sağım: [s ̪ a ɰ ɯ m] * yağar: [j a ɰ a ɾ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Tap` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɾ * Occurrences: 27151 * Examples * prof: [p ɾ o f] * teori: [t ̪ e o ɾ ɪ] * durma: [d ̪ u ɾ m a] * sirk: [s ̪ i ɾ c] * ɾː * Occurrences: 51 * Examples * şerri: [ʃ e ɾ ː ɪ] * pırrr: [p ɯ ɾ ː] * şerre: [ʃ e ɾ ː ɛ] * zerre: [z ̪ e ɾ ː ɛ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɫ * Occurrences: 14862 * Examples * oyla: [o j ɫ a] * çaplı: [t ʃ a p ɫ ɨ] * ukala: [u k a ɫ a] * öldün: [ø ɫ d ̪ y n ̪] * ɫː * Occurrences: 382 * Examples * hall: [h a ɫ ː] * çallı: [t ʃ a ɫ ː ɨ] * all: [a ɫ ː] * allah: [a ɫ ː a] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʎ * Occurrences: 10269 * Examples * şekil: [ʃ e c i ʎ] * lere: [ʎ e ɾ ɛ] * dölü: [d ̪ ø ʎ ʏ] * kmlik: [k m ʎ i c] * ʎː * Occurrences: 437 * Examples * sille: [s ̪ i ʎ ː ɛ] * dilli: [d ̪ i ʎ ː ɪ] * eller: [e ʎ ː e ɾ] * kelle: [c e ʎ ː ɛ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 23548 * Examples * inen: [i n ̪ e n ̪] * nasip: [n ̪ a s ̪ i p] * sildi: [s ̪ i ʎ i d ̪ ɪ] * fiyat: [f i j a t ̪] * iː * Occurrences: 24 * Examples * çiğli: [t ʃ i ː ʎ ɪ] * iğne: [i ː n ̪ ɛ] * niğde: [n ̪ i ː d ̪ ɛ] * çiğne: [t ʃ i ː n ̪ ɛ] * rounded * y * Occurrences: 6145 * Examples * ölüme: [ø ʎ y m ɛ] * düşer: [d ̪ y ʃ e ɾ] * yürü: [j y ɾ ʏ] * üye: [y j ɛ] * yː * Occurrences: 4 * Examples * düğme: [d ̪ y ː m ɛ] * büğrü: [b y ː ɾ ʏ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɨ * Occurrences: 5437 * Examples * sazı: [s ̪ a z ̪ ɨ] * aşçı: [a ʃ t ʃ ɨ] * sızdı: [s ̪ ɯ z ̪ d ̪ ɨ] * başlı: [b a ʃ ɫ ɨ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɯ * Occurrences: 20294 * Examples * mısın: [m ɯ s ̪ ɯ n ̪] * açın: [a t ʃ ɯ n ̪] * kırar: [k ɯ ɾ a ɾ] * yakıp: [j a k ɯ p] * ɯː * Occurrences: 17 * Examples * atığ: [a t ̪ ɯ ː] * çığ: [t ʃ ɯ ː] * rounded * u * Occurrences: 11506 * Examples * otuza: [o t ̪ u z ̪ a] * kabul: [k a b u ɫ] * şura: [ʃ u ɾ a] * tut: [t ̪ u t ̪] * uː * Occurrences: 86 * Examples * uğra: [u ː ɾ a] * huğlu: [h u ː ɫ ʊ] * tuğra: [t ̪ u ː ɾ a] * uğur: [u ː ɾ] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɪ * Occurrences: 4904 * Examples * adli: [a d ̪ ʎ ɪ] * aldi: [a ɫ d ̪ ɪ] * içini: [i t ʃ i n ̪ ɪ] * kenti: [c e n ̪ t ̪ ɪ] * ɪː * Occurrences: 1 * Examples * çiğ: [t ʃ ɪ ː] * rounded * ʏ * Occurrences: 499 * Examples * dölü: [d ̪ ø ʎ ʏ] * ürktü: [y ɾ c t ̪ ʏ] * görkü: [ɟ ø ɾ c ʏ] * üzdü: [y z ̪ d ̪ ʏ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʊ * Occurrences: 1502 * Examples * doru: [d ̪ o ɾ ʊ] * huğlu: [h u ː ɫ ʊ] * kodu: [k o d ̪ ʊ] * doğru: [d ̪ o ː ɾ ʊ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 25601 * Examples * tesav: [t ̪ e s ̪ a v] * türev: [t ̪ y ɾ e v] * yense: [j e n ̪ s ̪ ɛ] * merak: [m e ɾ a k] * eː * Occurrences: 69 * Examples * eğri: [e ː ɾ ɪ] * değme: [d ̪ e ː m ɛ] * eğdi: [e ː d ̪ ɪ] * değse: [d ̪ e ː s ̪ ɛ] * rounded * ø * Occurrences: 2725 * Examples * öküz: [ø c y z ̪] * öbek: [ø b e c] * dönüm: [d ̪ ø n ̪ y m] * görme: [ɟ ø ɾ m ɛ] * øː * Occurrences: 113 * Examples * öğle: [ø ː ʎ ɛ] * öğlen: [ø ː ʎ e n ̪] * öğren: [ø ː ɾ e n ̪] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * o * Occurrences: 8835 * Examples * hoş: [h o ʃ] * ikona: [i k o n ̪ a] * toklu: [t ̪ o k ɫ ʊ] * credo: [d ʒ ɾ e d ̪ o] * oː * Occurrences: 153 * Examples * oğlum: [o ː ɫ u m] * oğlak: [o ː ɫ a k] * oğlan: [o ː ɫ a n ̪] * doğru: [d ̪ o ː ɾ ʊ] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɛ * Occurrences: 6832 * Examples * müge: [m y ɟ ɛ] * gece: [ɟ e d ʒ ɛ] * kelt: [c ɛ ʎ t ̪] * sende: [s ̪ e n ̪ d ̪ ɛ] * rounded * œ * Occurrences: 4 * Examples * fetö: [f e t ̪ œ] * fkö: [f e c e œ] * dtö: [d ̪ e t ̪ e œ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 47570 * Examples * şan: [ʃ a n ̪] * mazur: [m a z ̪ u ɾ] * kaz: [k a z ̪] * lavaş: [ɫ a v a ʃ] * aː * Occurrences: 407 * Examples * sağcı: [s ̪ a ː d ʒ ɨ] * bağ: [b a ː] * saat: [s ̪ a ː t ̪] * ağza: [a ː z ̪ a] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` ``````